In early January, UK media turned their spotlight onto a controversial advertising campaign by a payday loan provider. The campaign targeted students, informing them that “when your mates tell you about finding a deal on plane tickets to the Canary Islands, you’ve got some options. Maybe you don’t have the money to pay for the whole thing now, but you will when you get your wages at the end of the week. Enter, Wonga!” (The Guardian, 11 Jan 12)
As a result, the National Union of Students accused the short-term lender Wonga of “predatory” practices. Furthermore, Wonga was criticised for suggesting that its loans may have advantages over the official student loans, while failing to explain that the annual interest rate of their loan offer was actually over four thousand (4,214%).
Because of this story, here at Commetric we decided to take a deeper look in the media conversation around payday loans in UK media. Thus, we went back a couple of months to take an x-ray of the discussion.
First, we looked at the key brand attributes, or key words, used to describe payday loans and their providers. The result, displayed in the word cloud below, suggested a very negative media conversation, which cited “unsustainable loans”, debts that can quickly “snowball out of control” or could lead to “a spiral of debt”. Payday loan providers were labelled “loan sharks” and accused of targeting “vulnerable” consumers.
Already knowing what the overall sentiment around payday loans would be, we wanted to answer three key questions:
- Who were the main critics of payday loans?
- Who were the supporters?
- How did a company (or a whole industry for that matter) can handle such a PR challenge – to be accused of trying to seduce “vulnerable”, financially unstable students?
In order to find the answers, we decided to apply our patented influencer network analysis methodology. We looked at the most influential people taking part in the media conversation around payday loans and we also analysed their stance towards this type of financial service.
This map shows all of the individual influencers (represented by circles) participating in the media discussion around payday loans over the last two months in UK print and online media. It also identifies the publications writing about the issue (represented by squares) and who they are going to for comment. The different colours of the influencer nodes reflect what types of organisations they represent.
The media debate was shaped primarily by Interest Groups Representatives from charities such as Shelter (Campbell Rob), Consumer Credit Counselling Service (Una Farrel) or Money Advice Trust (Joana Elson). They criticised the high interest rates charged by payday loan providers and warned consumers not to turn to such short-term credits to cover mortgage costs or to spend a more lavish holiday season.
The National Union of Students’ Pete Mercer was also among the well-positioned Interest Groups Representatives, particularly because of his criticism of Wonga’s payday loans targeted at students.
The political angle was loudly spearheaded in the media by Stella Creasy (Lab MP Walthamstow). Her ‘End Legal Loan Sharking’ campaign and calls for interest rate caps captured media attention.
Consumers had a marginal media presence and shared negative experiences with payday loans.
This map shows the stance of individual influencers (represented by circles) towards payday loans or the payday loan industry as a whole. The colour of the influencer node reflects their favourability towards the topic.
This map clearly shows the overwhelming negativity towards payday loans, but could also be used to identify potential influencers that could be used to deliver more balanced messaging around the industry.
The CFA’s CEO John Lamidey was the most active voice to defend the loan sector to some extent. He noted that “If those that seek to protect consumers from extortionate credit truly have the best interests of consumers at heart, then seeking to claim that highly regulated, responsible short-term lenders are the same as loan sharks cannot possibly achieve this aim.” (The Independent, 07 Dec 11) However, his voice remained almost alone in the context of strong overall criticism.
The most vehement customer critic was Steve Perry who took out 64 loans from 12 different companies over 18 months. He said he “was crippled by the spiral of lending” (The Daily Mirror), authored the book “When Payday Loans Go Wrong” and has launched the website saynotopaydayloans.co.uk.
The lack of reference to positive payday loan customer experiences is reflective of the tone of the current UK media debate, but could offer future opportunity to publicise positive customer case studies.
The media outlets following this media conversation were mostly high-profile and with a national reach, which suggests the overall high interest in the payday loans debate. This underscores the need for a consistent and proactive media messaging and positioning if the industry wants to make its stand in this emotive discussion visible.
After analysing the key individual influencers, shaping the media conversation around payday loans, we decided to also screen for the most mentioned organisations in this context.
Just two payday loan providers, Wonga and Ferratum, appeared among the most mentioned organisations, which suggests that the criticism was universal towards the whole industry, and not solely focused on one company.
Wonga, expectedly, featured as a result of the negative story that it had been targeting students. Ferratum appeared in the media conversation on a more positive note: due to its announcement that it was expecting rapid growth in Britain in 2012.
Homeless charity Shelter was noted for its report according to which one million Britons have taken out payday loans to help pay their mortgage costs during 2011 and the Consumer Credit Counselling Service was listed among the organisations providing debt advice.
The Consumer Finance Association was the most pro-active organisation to defend the payday loan industry. However, it appeared in just 8% of coverage. CFA representatives commented mostly on the ongoing legislative debates in the UK and provided statistical data on short-term lending.
In conclusion, our x-ray study found that payday loan companies, and the wider industry, were on the back foot when it came to providing a robust PR response to the recent, high profile media debate around short term loans.
Lenders appeared to react ad-hoc to specific issues which arose, with no sustained voice to address ongoing criticism. Lenders’ limited media presence meant minimal control of the debate, which was driven primarily by critical consumer group representatives.



















